CST 311 Week 2 Journal Entry

-


 Application Layer

This week, we learned about the network application layer. To create a network, programs need to run on different end systems and communicate over a network with network core devices, such as a router. Two possible application architectures are client-server and peer-to-peer (P2P). 

In a client-server architecture, the server is always on and has a permanent IP address. Clients communicate with the server but do not directly communicate with each other. The servers may also have data centers to help scale the amount of users using the network. As opposed to servers, clients may have a dynamic IP address. 

In a P2P architecture, there is no server that is always one, and end systems directly communicate with each other, which means that applications have both a client and server process. Peers request and provide services for each other, thus creating a self-scaling environment. The more peers contribute, the more services can be provided when a peer requests a service.  

In both architectures, data is sent through sockets. For data to be delivered, each process needs an identifier, which includes an IP address and a port number. Protocols are defined for when a request is made or a response is needed. Some protocols used are Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). Messages sent have their own syntax and semantics and can vary depending on the result of the server or client's request or response. In order for data to be sent, the application needs to transport services that protect data integrity, are timely, secure, and allow a throughput that is respective to the application's needs. 

There are two internet transport protocol services in which data can be sent from client to server and vice versa: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP is reliable, has flow and congestion control, and is connection-oriented. This protocol is best when we can not allow for data loss. Examples of when TCP can be used are sending/receiving emails, web browsing, and file transfers. UDP is unreliable and lacks flow and congestion control. This protocol is best used when data can be lost, such as during video streaming or using services such as Skype.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

CST 300 - Week 8

-
 Part 1: Review of other team's final video projects Final Video Project Review # 1: Otter This World The video project from Otter This World is about Genomics. They describe how genomics is important and what advances we have made in this area. The topic is well-covered, and the presentation is clear. They cover each section described at the beginning of the video and provide various videos that go along with those sections. The quality of the research and video project is well done. They provide definitions and statistics with references. The video has a lot of visuals and could have used some slides with text at the beginning of each section. The information is being provided via audio, and there should be some text to supplement it. Also, the General Public video cuts off at the end with no conclusion. The video is engaging and interesting. They made a nice choice of visuals for each section. Team work is evident as each person had a section they covered. Overall, the video is
Read more

CST 300 - Week 5

-
Image
Part 1: Support and Comments on Teammates' Goals Victoria's Comment Guillermo's Comment Part 2: Possible Capstone Ideas Some ideas for capstone that I have are in the area of education with a focus on classroom management and video game design.  My first idea is to create a seating chart generator app for teachers to use in their classrooms. As a teacher, creating a seating chart can be a challenge. Whether you have a challenging class or are just looking to mix seats up, this app will help create the perfect seating chart. The app will give the teacher a variety of options to create a seating chart: individual, partner, or grouping (3 or more). The teacher can create a seating chart or groupings based on current grade in class, on an assignment, IEP requirements, or behavioral issues.  My second idea is to create a school environment application or website. With technology in the classroom becoming more and more popular, students are having to manage their own apps, homewo
Read more

CST 300 - Week 4

-
Image
 Part 1: Educational Goals My primary educational goal in the CS program is to graduate with my Bachelor's in Computer Science in December 2025 with experience in the field from internships and our service learning class. Another goal I have by the end of the program is to create projects that will showcase my experience and skill set and have them on display on my GitHub. Furthermore , my secondary goal is to graduate with my Master's degree  with a focus on Artificial Intelligence or Computer and Network Security.  from Stanford University in December 2027.  Part 2: Career Goals My career goal is to work in the field of computer science as a backend developer in cybersecurity or software development once I graduate from the CS Online program or the Computer Science Master's Degree program at Stanford University. I want to work with a company that strives to create products that will improve the quality of life while keeping user's data safe and secure.  Part 3: Percen
Read more